Electric toaster



"Feb. 1', 1938. G. M. BAYNE ELECTRIC TOASTER Filed Nov. 27, 1954 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 R 0 N E V N WITNESSES;

' Geary'eM Bay/ve.

ATTORNEY Patented Feb. 1, 1938 UNITED STATES ELECTRIC TOASTER George M. Bayne, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada,

assignor to Westinghouse Electric factoring Company,

& Manu- East Pittsburgh, Pa., a

corporation of Pennsylvania Application November 27, 1934, Serial No. 754,992

11 Claims.

My invention relates to electric cooking devices, and particularly to electric toasters of the domestic type.

An object of my invention is to provide a relatively simple and compact multi-slice toaster.

Another object of my invention is to provide a vertical toaster having a combined toastercarrying and bread-slice-raising means.

' Another object of my invention is to provide a toaster-carrying means hot during use of the toaster.

Another object of my invention is to provide a novel heating-element spacing-and-supporting means in an electric toaster.

Other objects of my invention will either beapparent from a description of one form of device embodying my invention now preferred by me, or else appear from such descript on. o In practicing my invention, I provide a hollow sheet metal base having a dished crumb tray removably interfitting therewith, supporting means for the toaster being secured to the crumb tray. A pair of vertically-extending spaced end plates are located above the base, and a plurality of flat heating elements spaced apart from each other extend between the end plates. Skeleton racks for .preventing slices or bread touching the heating elements are provided, one on the inside of each end or outside heating ele- 90 ment, and one on each side of an intermediate heating element. The upper ends of the racks are bent toward the heating elements. Combined current-conducting and heating-elementsupporting means are provided, and are effective to' space the lower end portions of the heating elements apart the desired distance. The end plates are provided with vertically-extending openings therein and bread-slice-supports extending between the end plates and located between' the heating elements are adapted to be moved vertically upwardly in the openings in the end plates by a combined bread-slice-supportactuating and toaster-carrying means, which means is pivotally connected by a linkage structure with the bread-slice-supports. A casing structure encloses the heating units, bread racxs, end plates, the bread slice supports and the linkage, the top portion of the casing having depending flange portions overlapping the upper edges of the bread racks. In the drawings: Figure l is a view partly in side elevation of a, device embodying my invention with parts thereof broken away to show the internal'consiruction thereof,

Fig. 2 is a view in vertical section therethrough taken on the line 11-11 of- Fig. l.

Fig. 3 is a view in vertical section therethrough taken on the line III-III of Fig. 1, Fig: 4. is a View in section similar to to that of Fig.

that shall not becomev 3 but showing a different position of the bread slice raising means, and, 1

Fig. 5 is a, fragmentary view in horizontal sec-. tion taken on the line V-V of'Figni.

A vertical toaster designated generally by the 5 numeral H, includes an upwardly dished base l3, which may be made of sheet metal, the upper surface l5 of which has a somewhat smaller area than the lower portion thereof in order to provide a pleasing appearance. The hollow base I3 is provided with a pair of longitudinally extending openings l1 and I9 therein located intermediate the sides and the longitudinal center line thereof, and for a purpose to be hereinafter more fully described.

I provide a pair of vertically-extending end plates 2|, only one of which is visible in Fig. l of the drawings, and it is to be understood that a similar end plate 2! is located adjacent to the left hand end of the base. Each end plate M is provided with a pair of spaced vertically-extending openings 23 therein, these being shown more particularly in Figs. 2, 3, and 4 of the drawings. It will be noted from Fig. 2 of the drawings that the edge portions of the end plates 2 2| at the openings 23 arebent inwardly to prov vide a relatively short flange 25 at each side of each opening 23 to constitute guide walls for a structure to be hereinafter described in detail.

A plurality of thin plates 21, 29, and 3| of electric-insulating material, preferably of mica, are supported above the base l3 by means to be hereinafter described, and while I may use a single sheet of mica extending from top to bottom, I have illustrated two such strips of mica each substantially one half of the total height, this being done in order to reduce the cost of the heating elements. Two such pairs of mica sheets are located side-by-side in each heating element. A resistor conductor designated generally by numeral 33, is operatively supported by the respective plates 21, 29, and 3| of electricinsulating material as by being wound in recesses or notches 'in the lateral edges of the respective plates. As will be apparent from Fig. 1 of the drawings, resistor-conductors 33 on plates 21 and 3! are located thereagainst on the inner surface only while this resistance conductor is located on both sidesof plate 29 to thereby provide ineffect two extended flat heating elements located so in juxtaposition to each other so that where three heating units are provided, two slices of bread may be toasted at the same time without appreciable radiation of heat away from the outer surfaces of resistor-supporting plates 21 and 3 l. '5

Means for supporting the respective heating elements, including the plates 21, 29, and 3|, include horizontally-extending metal rods 35, two such rods being provided which extendthrough the respective plates 27, 29, and adjacent the m.

Cil

' lower edges thereof.

As will be noticed particularly from Fig. 2 of the drawings. the outside plates. 21 and II have nuts I! and II screw thrsaded thereon, one at each side of the respective plates of electric-insulating material in order a to securely clamp the plates on and support them by the rods 8|. A bracket ll, of a metal strip of substantially L-shape, has one of the rods II extending therethrough and soldered therein with its horizontally-extending portion insulatedly mounted on a small raised portion 43 of the top portion ll of the base, a washer, of electricinsulating material, being provided to properly insulate this bracket from the base. Other washers- 41, of electric-insulating material, are provided below the top portion it, as is shown in Fig. 1 of the drawi lll..ahd a clamping bolt extends through the amembly of washers and of electric-insulating material cooperating with a nut Ii thereon to hold the entire assembly in proper operative position on the base II, and also to provide an electrical connection between the conductor ll of a twin supply circuit cord II to the bolt "-orametal washer thereon all in a manner well known in the art. While Fig. '1 shows only one conductor of a twin conductor cord usually employedfor such purposes, it is to be understood that the otherconductor of the twin cord is connected to a similar terminalconstituted by a second bracket II which operatively supports asecond heating-element-support and current-conducting stud ll. It is to be-understood-that the resistor conductors 83 on the three plates 21, II, and Si of electric-insulating material are connected in series circuit relation with each other and the ends thereof are connected to the respective studs ll by the nuts I! and It in a manner well known in the art.

Means for electrically connecting the resistance conductor 33 on the intermediate plate 29 to that on the outer mica a short bar I! whose end portions extend at substantially right angles to the main portion thereof, a a short machine screw 69 extending through the cooperating plate of electric-insulatingmaterial and having screw-threaded engagement with the laterally-bent portion of bar II to properly hold the lower edge of the plate of electric-insulating material. Connection from the resistance conductor 83 may be made to bar I! at substantially its mid portion thereof as by a clip CI of substantially channel-shape in seetion bolted against'the body or intermediate porof the assembly within the end plates 2|.

Skeleton bread racks 65 are provided, one for each of the operative faces of the three heating elements, there being t us four such skeleton bread racks, each of w ich includes an upper horizontally-extending wire 61, a lower horizontally-extending wire 60 and a plurality of vertically-extending wires II which may be welded to the horizontal wires in a manner well known in the art. The end portions of the horizontal wires crumbs failing thereon from r plates may be constituted by theassoci-.

A pair of bread slicelupports ll. isllrovided' having their end portions extending through the openings 23 in the respective end plates II, the upper surface of each of the supports being convex as will be noted more particularly from" Fig. 2 of the drawings. This shape will prevent any thereon during the operation of the device as will be hereinai'ter set forth The end portions of the support 1 are in the form of a short bar 11 which extend respectively through the openings," to the outside of the end plates where they inter-ht with a cross bar is, as is shown more particu larly in Figs; 8 and 4 of the drawings." cross bars, one adjacent-each end plate 2i, have bent-in end flanges ll and upper. and lower bentin flange portions 08 and II, which, as will be seen from Figs. 3

.rection toact as guide members for the two bread slice supports II when they are moved upw and downwardly in the toaster. Small cotter pins 86 may extend through openings in the end portion 71 on the outside of the bar ll to secure these parts in proper operative. position relatively to each other.

A linkage structure effective particularly to a cause raising of the bread slice supports and of any slices of bread that may be locatedthereon;

cured to actuating-and-carrying bars I! and II,

may be done by means of' respectively. This small machine screws 81 extending through the arms or bars s3 and OI of a non-heat conducting material, such as wood or possibly a phenolic condensation product.

It will be noted that the arms 81 and ii at one end of the resistor the link 09 may be caused to move upwardly, a pivot pin it! securing the lower end of link so to arm 81 and extending through the opening illi.

The upper end of link I! is pivotally connected by a pin I." to a second lever arm I01 intermediate its ends. One end of lever arm I0! is pivotally mounted on an end plate 2| by a pivot pin I09. The arm Ill normally extends downwardly, its lower end being pivotally connected by a pivot pin Ill to a depending second link the lower end of link lit being pivotally connected to the cross bar mid portion by a pivot pin Hi.

It is'to be understood that I provide two such linkage structures, one at each end of the toaster assembly so that a or both bars- 93 or 88 will cause the immediate and easy raising of the breadslice supports and of any slices of bread located thereon. This upward movement of the bread slice supports is sumcient to cause the upper portion of an ordinary slice of bread to be moved outwardly of the structure as will more fully set forth.

l9 at substantially its downward pressure on either 1 gages screw I45 on the outside of crumb tray The upper end held in proper spaced relation relative to each other by a pair of spaced bars II1, whicnhave interiitting engagement with the end plates 2|, as by a tongue and groove connection. One portion of each of the bars H1 is initially bent outwardly from the general'plane of the bar and is then forced into engagement with plate 2I,.a.s is shown more particularly in Fig. 5 of the drawings where this metal portion is designated by numeral H9. This provides a positive interlock between the spacing bars and the end plates and an appreciable force is required to cause disengagement of these cooperating members.

Means for insuring that the upper end portions of resistor supporting members 21 and 3I shall be held in proper operative and desired positions includes relatively thin metal strips HI and I23, one on each side of the upper edge of the plates of electric-insulating material, and having laterally-bent end portions I25 which rest against the inside surface of end plates 2| adjacent their horizontal edges.

A casing assembly includes a strip or plate of metal I21 of substantially inverted U-shape constituting the top and end walls of the casing.

Member I21 is provided with in-turned bottom flanges I29 as is shown more particularly in Fig. 1 of the drawings, which 'are clamped against the upper face I5 of the base by short machine screws I3I.

The casing structure includes side plates I33,

I one at each side of the member I21, having in- Iii) wardly turned flanges I overlapping the edge portions of member I21 at the ends and at the top thereof, a plurality of small machine screws I31 extending through the flanges and into member I21 to secure the two parts together. Reference to Fig. 2 of the drawings will illustrate a .novel detail embodied in member I21, and particularly at the top portion thereof including particularly angularly downwardly bent flange portions I39, the lower ends of which overlap and cover the inclined portions 13 of the wires H of the bread racks. I provide further depending flange portions I39 adjacent to the ends of the openings I4I extending between the depending flanges I39 whereby the cover, and particularly the top portion of member I21 rests upon and interfits with the end plates 2| as will be noted more particularly by reference to the upper righthand corner of Fig. 1 of the drawings. Each side plate I33 is provided with two spaced vertical slots I40 at its lower edge in which the lever arms 81 and 9I may be located and move up and down.

I provide further a crumb tray I42 which is slightly dished downwardly and is provided with depending heat-insulating supports I43, it preferably interfitting with the hollow or dished base I3 in substantially the manner shown in the righthand end of Fig. 1 of the drawings. In order to hold the crumb tray removable in its proper operative position, the following structure is provided.

A machine screw I45 extends through the portion I5 of base I3 and a nut I41 is provided thereon to hold it on the top portion I5. A box-like member I49 is provided which cooperates with bracket I50 to provide a metallic cover fora part of the twin conductor cord within the hollow base I3 and encloses the connections of the conductor cord and the terminal screws 49. The bracket I50 helps to support the cord 55 in the base I3. The box-likemember I49 is held in its proper posi-- tion by a nut I5I located thereagainst in a depression I53. A butterfly or wing nut I55 also enportions of end plates 2I are.

I42, the wing nutbeing: of generally rectangular shape and entering an opening I51 in the crumb tray when in one position to permit removal of the crumb tray, but engaging the walls of the crumb tray adjacent. the opening I51 when turned through substantially to clamp the crumb tray in its proper operative position. A metal clip I59 secures the cord against the under surface of base I3 and a bushing IGI of electricinsulating materal prevents grounding oi the cord on the base where the cord extends to the outside thereof, it being understood that any desired length of such cord may be provided in a manner well known in the art.

It will be obviousthat the normal position of the movable parts of the toaster are those shown more particularly in Figs. 2 and 3 of the drawings where the bread slice supports are located at the lower end of their travel. An operator can drop a slice of bread through the respective openings I4I without danger of jamming or catching of the slices. of bread, since the flange portions I39 overlap the wires H of the racks and effectively prevent such 'action. If it be assumed that the resistor conductor 33 has been energized long enough so that the toaster assembly is relatively warm 'or even hot, both sides of each slice of bread will be toastedsimultaneously and if the operator desires to ascertain the progress of the toasting action, he need only press downwardly on either one of the bars 93 or to raise the bread slice supports, with the result that the upper end of the bread slices will be raised above the top portion of the casing so the visual ins'pection of the degree of toasting thus far efiected is easily made. When the slices of bread have been toasted to the desired degree, pressure on the bar 93 or 95 or on both of them will raise the toast as hereinbefore described, so that they may easily be grasped and removed therefrom.

Any crumbs brushed or falling from the slices of bread during handling and which fall upon the convex surface of the support 15 will roll off of such surface and drop downwardly through one of the openings "or I9 in the base and onto the crumb tray I42. This crumb tray is easily and quickly removed from time to time by turning wing nut I 55 through substantially 90, so that the greater length of nut I55 will correspond to the greater length of opening I51, thereby permitting easy removal of crumb tray I42. The crumb tray can be easily and quickly replaced in its proper operative position.

As it is desired to conserve as much heat as possible for the toasting operation I may provide the side plates I33 with a layer I63 of sheet asbestos, secured against the inner surface thereof, to reduce the amount of heat radiated away from the resistor supporting plates 21 and 3|.

While I have illustrated and described an embodiment of my invention now preferred by me,

I do not desire to be limited thereto, sincechanges may be made therein within the scope of the appended claims which are to be limited only by the prior art.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a toaster, the combination with a base, spaced end plates thereon, bread slice supports vertically movable in the end plates, a linkage pivotally mounted on the end plates and connected to the bread slice supports and a side bar operatively connected to the linkage and constituting with the linkage a carrying means for the toaster and effective to raise toasted slices of 75 pivotally connected to the 'tivelyconnected to the bread resting on the end plates. Q

, 2. A toaster including in combination, a base, spaced end plates thereon having vertical openings therein, bread slice supports extending through the openings in the end plates and vertically movable'th linkage mounted on the end plates and pivotally connected to' the end plates and the bread slice supports and manually actuable means operaiinkage to operate the same and. including two bars eilective to permit carrying the toaster by an operator.

'3. Atoaster including in combination, a base, parallel-spaced flat heating elements thereon, spaced end plates at the respective ends of the heating elements having spaced vertical openings therein, bread slicesupports located between the heating elements and extending outwardly besu ports partly above yond the end plates through the openings therein, oi the bread cross bars interlocked with the ends slice supports and a manually-actuable linkage cross bars to cause upward movement of. the bread slice supports.

4. A toaster comprising in combination, a base,

spaced end plates extending above the base, three spaced plates 01' electric insulating material above the base and between the end plates, resistor conductors on the respective electric-insulating plates, a pair of current-conducting rods sup-- porting the electric-insulating plates at their lower ends and also spacing them apart and other current-conducting and spacing members extending between adjacent electric-insulating plates and having end portions secured thereto.

5. A toaster comprising in combination, a base, vertically-extending spaced end plates on the base and having a pair 01' vertical openings in each plate, a plurality of flat, spaced-apart electric heating elements extending vertically between the end plates and at substantially right angles thereto, bread slice supports between the heating elements and extending beyond the end plates through the openings therein, lever arms having their outer ends connected by a bar and pivotally mounted intermediate their ends on the respective end plates, links adjacent each end plate having their respective lower ends pivotally connected to the inner ends oi the lever arms and their upper ends pivotally secured to lever arms intermediate the ends thereof, means pivotally mounting one end 01' each of the'second named lever arms on the respective end plates and second link members pivotally connected to the other ends oi the second named lever arms and to the bread slice supports.

6. A toaster comprising in combination, a base, spaced end plates on the base extending vertically upwardly therefrom. spaced-apart flat heating elements between the end plates supported from the base, skeleton bread racks between ad- Jacent heating elements and supported by the end plates and a cover member for the toaster having a top portion with openings therein and "flanges at the sides of the openings wan the upper ends of the bread racks to readily guide thereinto the bread to be toasted, said top portion 0! the cover member interfltting with the upper edges of the end plates.

7. A toaster'comprising in combination, a base,

the

a movement-multiplying i abread slice support between base and having having one dimension lo plates, and a side plate adapted to haveits' inner surface engage the ends or the bent portions of the metal bar and press the bar against the 8. A toaster including in combination. a dished base having iiat heating elements extending upwardly from the base one at each side of the opening,

the heating eletray, iltting within the dished heat-insulating toaster supports secured thereto and means for releasably securing the crumb tray within the dished base.

9. A toaster comprising in combination, a base, a pair of spaced end plates onthe base, a plurality of vertical iiat heating elements above the base between the end plates, a bread slice support between the heating elements extending through, guided by and vertically plates, a casing structure on the base having a bread-slice-insertion opening in its top above the bread slice support, and .means operatively se cured to the end plates and to the bread slice support and having a portion extending outward- 1y through the casing structure to raise the breadslice-support and tocarry the toaster.

10. A toaster comprising in combination, a base, a pair of spaced end plates on the base, a plurality of vertical flat heating elements above the base between the end plates. a bread slice support between the heating elements extending through, guided by and vertically movable in, the end plates, a casing structure on the base having a bread-sllce-insertion opening in its top above the bread slice support and means operatively secured to the end plates and to the bread slice support and having. a portion extending outthe casing structure to raise the bread-slice-support by downward pressure on the part outside of the casing, saidpart including two bars of non-heat conducting material, one at each side of the toaster to permit of carrying the toaster by an operator.

11. A toaster including, in combination, a dished base having an opening in its top portion. a heating element extending upwardly at one side of the opening, bottom oi the heating element, a crumb tray fitting within the dished base and having an aperture therein longer in one direction than another, and means including a clamping member nger than another, both of said dimensions being less than the corresponding longer and shorter dimension of said aperture, for readily manually clamping said tray within said base by disposing said clamping member outside said aperture with its longer dimension transverse to the longer dimension of said aperture and for unclamping the tray to permit removal thereof by turning said clamping memments, a crumb GEORGE M. BAYNE.

movable in the end' 

